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C-9 — An Act to amend the Criminal Code (hate propaganda, hate crime and access to religious or cultural places)
Every bill summarized in plain language. Not clear enough? Ask for an explanation.
C-9
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (hate propaganda, hate crime and access to religious or cultural places)
37
LPC
Assented to
▾
BILL C-9
An Act to amend the Criminal Code (hate propaganda, hate crime and access to religious or cultural places)
Last activity : Royal assent received
LPC
Assented to
Commons · 1st2025-09-19Commons · 2nd2025-10-01Commons · 3rd2026-03-25Senate · 1st2026-03-26Senate · 2nd2026-04-30Senate · 3rd2026-06-04Royal assent2026-06-18
Sign-in required — one request per person, no anonymous requests
What it does, in plain language
- Creates an offence for publicly displaying symbols mainly linked to a listed terrorist entity, the Nazi swastika or the SS bolts, where the display wilfully promotes hatred against an identifiable group.
- Sets the penalty for that offence at up to 2 years in prison on indictment, or prosecution by summary conviction.
- Provides defences for displays with a legitimate journalistic, religious, educational or artistic purpose, or made in good faith to expose hatred so it can be removed.
- Creates a stand-alone hate crime offence when any other federal offence is motivated by hatred based on factors such as race, religion, sex, age, disability, sexual orientation or gender identity, with maximum sentences from 5 years up to life depending on the underlying offence.
- Defines hatred as detestation or vilification stronger than disdain or dislike, and clarifies that merely discrediting, humiliating, hurting or offending does not qualify.
- Creates two offences protecting access to places of worship, cemeteries, schools, daycares, seniors' residences and community spaces: intimidating someone to block their access, or intentionally obstructing it, punishable by up to 10 years in prison.
- Clarifies that simply approaching such a place only to obtain or share information is not an offence.
- Removes the requirement for the Attorney General's consent to prosecute hate propaganda offences, with the Act taking effect 30 days after royal assent.
🤖 AI-generated from the bill’s official text as introduced — may not reflect amendments adopted since.
Registered lobbying
37 communications · 9 organizations
as of Sep 10, 2026
the 10 most recent +
Canadian Civil Liberties Association13Chiefs of Ontario9Canadian Muslim Public Affairs Council4Black Opportunity Fund4International Civil Liberties Monitoring Group2
Independent Jewish Voices Canada2BC Civil Liberties Association1CONCACAN INC. o/a Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (CCCB)1Cardus1
2026-06-19 · Office of the Secretary to the Governor General (OSGG)
BC Civil Liberties Association
Met with : Mark Carney — Prime Minister of Canada
2026-06-04 · House of Commons
Canadian Muslim Public Affairs Council
Met with : Sameer Zuberi — Member of Parliament
2026-05-27 · Justice Canada (JC)
Canadian Civil Liberties Association
Met with : Hanife Massomifar — Policy Advisor and Issues Manager
2026-05-25 · Senate of Canada
Canadian Muslim Public Affairs Council
Met with : Salma Ataullahjan — Senator
2026-05-13 · Justice Canada (JC)
Canadian Civil Liberties Association
Met with : Hanife Massomifar — Policy Advisor and Issues Manager
2026-05-13 · Senate of Canada
Canadian Civil Liberties Association
Met with : Kristopher Wells — Senator · Jordano Nudo — Director of Parliamentary Affairs
2026-05-12 · Senate of Canada
Black Opportunity Fund
Met with : Kristopher Wells — Senator · Jordano Nudo — Director of Parliamentary Affairs
2026-05-11 · Senate of Canada
Canadian Civil Liberties Association
Met with : Dina Dong — Parliamentary Affairs Advisor · Shawn Abel — Director of Parliamentary Affairs
2026-05-11 · Senate of Canada
Independent Jewish Voices Canada
Met with : Dina Dong — Parliamentary Affairs Advisor · Shawn Abel — Director of Parliamentary Affairs
2026-04-29 · Justice Canada (JC)
Chiefs of Ontario
Met with : Robert Tay-Burroughs — Senior Analyst
Communications reported to the Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying that name this bill. Lobbying is a lawful, publicly registered activity — this count is a fact, not a verdict. Only communications whose description names both the bill number and its title are counted, so the real total may be higher. Registry archive read on September 10, 2026; the Commissioner republishes it about monthly, and we refresh it by hand.
✋ What does “challenging” mean?
Clicking “Ask for an explanation” is a citizen request for the bill's sponsor to explain it in plain language — and for us to keep an eye on it together.
An account (email) is required — one request per person, no anonymous requests. 🔥 At 1,000 requests on the same bill, a public post is made, in the hope an MP agrees to sponsor a petition to the House.
It works on any bill, including one that has already received royal assent — that is often the one people want to understand.
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On the “who voted what” detail — the House of Commons publishes each member's name for every recorded (nominal) vote (Yea / Nay / paired). The by-member breakdown above (the "+" button on each row) comes directly from that official source (ourcommons.ca), not an estimate. The party shown next to each name is taken from the current House roster; people who have since left the House appear separately under "Former members".
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Recorded vote
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Passed is not law
A passed vote clears ONE stage. A bill must pass both chambers and then receive royal assent before it becomes law.
Paired is not absent
In the Commons, two members from opposing sides can agree not to vote: their voices cancel out. It is neither an absence nor an abstention.
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